Method of erecting a multi-storey structure and facade

ABSTRACT

A method of erecting a multi-storey structure having a facade disposed around at least a portion of a perimeter of the multi-storey structure, wherein during construction, at least a portion of the facade is disposed to extend beyond an upper work area of the structure and forms at least part of a safety barrier for that work area.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates to multi-storey structures having an externalfacade and to methods of erecting or assembling the structure andfacade.

BACKGROUND ART

Facades for multi-storey structures are known to utilise pre-fabricatedmodular elements that are affixed to a multi-storey structure aftererection of the structure. In some forms, known methods of constructingmulti-storey structures, a safety rail or scaffold is required to allowfor pre-fabricated facade elements to be added to a floor at any levelof a structure to provide the walls and, in some forms, windows of thestructure. Known methods of erecting the multi-storey structure maycomprise the steps of i) erecting a scaffold or perimeter screen ii)erecting support columns extending upwards from the ground or slab iii)building formwork for an upper floor iv) forming an upper floor v)repeating until the structure is the required height vi) removing thescaffold or perimeter screen and vii) attaching an external facade tothe structure. Alternatively, known methods may include constructing asafety rail on any floor of a multi-storey structure and utilising aharness to prevent falls.

It is to be understood that, if any prior art is referred to herein,such reference does not constitute an admission that the prior art formsa part of the common general knowledge in the art in Australia or anyother country.

SUMMARY

Disclosed is a method of erecting a multi-storey structure having afacade disposed around at least a portion of a perimeter of themulti-storey structure, wherein during construction, at least a portionof the facade is disposed to extend beyond an upper work area of thestructure and forms at least part of a safety barrier for that workarea.

In some forms the facade is formed from a plurality of panels, and thepanels form at least part of the safety barrier.

The method may have the benefit of allowing construction of amulti-storey structure without requiring an expensive scaffolding orperimeter screen to be erected. The method may also have the benefit ofenhancing safety. This is because the facade may act as a perimeterscreen or scaffolding, preventing falls from the structure. The methodmeans the outer facade or outer walls of the structure and thescaffolding may be essentially integrated.

In some forms, disclosed is a method for erecting a multi-storeystructure having a facade, the method comprising locating a plurality offacade panels around at least a portion of the perimeter of a firstlevel of the multi-storey structure, the facade panels having twoopposing faces with an upper floor connection member extending from afirst opposing face of the panel; orienting the facade panels such thatthe upper floor connection members extend inwardly into the multi-storeystructure; forming an upper floor at the height of the upper floorconnection members, such that the upper floor connection members engagethe upper floor to connect the upper floor with the plurality of facadepanels.

In some forms the facade panels act both as a fall prevention system andas the permanent facade panels for the structure. In some forms thefacade panels include a section that is configured to be located below afloor of the structure and a section that is configured to be locatedabove the floor of the structure.

In some forms, the facade panels have a top edge and a bottom edge andin use the upper floor connection members are located intermediate thetop edge and the bottom edge.

The upper floor connection member being intermediate the top and bottomedges may have the benefit of extending the facade panel above a newfloor once the floor is cast, meaning a worker or other person standingon the new floor is fenced in by the facade panel to provide someprotection.

In some forms the facade panels are composed of a material sufficientlystrong to act as a fall prevention and as a permanent facade includingwindows.

In some forms the facade panels prevent a person falling from thestructure during and after building.

Further, disclosed is a facade panel comprising two opposing faces, andin situ top and bottom edges; and, a connection member extending fromthe a first opposing face of the facade panel, the connection memberbeing located intermediate the top and bottom edges.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments will now be described by way of example only, with referenceto the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a simple isometric view of a multi-storey structure of oneembodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a cross section of a portion of a multi-storey structure beingconstructed using one embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of facade panels beingutilised in the construction of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of facade panels beingutilised in the construction of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a construction panel of one embodiment ofthe disclosure from the inside;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a construction panel of one embodiment ofthe disclosure from the outside;

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a construction panel of one embodiment ofthe disclosure;

FIG. 8 is an external isometric view of the construction panel of FIG.7;

FIG. 9 is an internal elevation view of the construction panel of FIG.7;

FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the construction panel of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a simple isometric view of a multi-storey structure of afurther embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a cross section of a portion of a multi-storey structurebeing constructed using an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of facade panels beingutilised in the construction of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of facade panels beingutilised in the construction of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is an isometric view of a construction panel of one embodimentof the disclosure from the inside;

FIG. 16 is a simple isometric view of a multi-storey structure of afurther embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 17 is a cross section of a portion of a multi-storey structurebeing constructed using an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of facade panels beingutilised in the construction of FIG. 16;

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of facade panels beingutilised in the construction of FIG. 16;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of a facade panel being utilised inthe construction of FIG. 16;

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a facade panel being utilised inthe construction of FIG. 16;

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of a facade panel being utilised inthe construction of FIG. 16;

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a facade panel being utilised inthe construction of FIG. 16;

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a facade panel being utilised inthe construction of FIG. 16;

FIG. 25 is a simple isometric view of a multi-storey structure of afurther embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 26 is a simple isometric view of a multi-storey structure of afurther embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 27 is a simple isometric view of a multi-storey structure of afurther embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 28 is a plan view of an embodiment of a modular panel of a furtherembodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 29 is a simple isometric view of the construction of a multi-storeystructure of a further embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 30 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 29;

FIG. 31 is a simple isometric view of the construction of a multi-storeystructure of a further embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 32 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 31;

FIG. 33 is a simple isometric view of the construction of a multi-storeystructure of a further embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 34 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 33;

FIG. 35 is a side view of the construction of a multi-storey structureof a further embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 36 is a simple isometric view of the construction of a multi-storeystructure of a further embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 37 is a plan view of the structure of FIG. 36;

FIG. 38 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 36;

FIG. 39 is a simple isometric view of the construction of a multi-storeystructure of a further embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 40 is a further isometric view of the structure of FIG. 39;

FIG. 41 is a simple isometric view of the construction of a multi-storeystructure of a further embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 42 is an elevation view of the construction of a multi-storeystructure of a further embodiment of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, reference is made to accompanyingdrawings which form a part of the detailed description. The illustrativeembodiments described in the detailed description, depicted in thedrawings and defined in the claims, are not intended to be limiting.Other embodiments may be utilised and other changes may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented. Itwill be readily understood that the aspects of the present disclosure,as generally described herein and illustrated in the drawings can bearranged, substituted, combined, separated and designed in a widevariety of different configurations, all of which are contemplated inthis disclosure.

Disclosed is a method of erecting a multi-storey structure having afacade disposed around at least a portion of a perimeter of themulti-storey structure, wherein during construction, at least a portionof the facade is disposed to extend beyond an upper work area of thestructure and forms at least part of a safety barrier for that workarea.

In some forms the facade is formed from a plurality of panels, and thepanels form at least part of the safety barrier. In some forms thefacade includes support elements and infill members connected to andsupported by the infill members, and wherein at least the supportelements form at least part of the safety barrier. In some forms theinfill members also forms part of the safety barrier.

In some forms the method further comprises erecting a removable barriermaterial that forms part of the safety barrier. In some forms thebarrier material is disposed on an inner side of the panels. In someforms the infill members are connected to the support elements eitherwith the barrier material or after removal of barrier material.

In some forms of the method at least one further floor of the structureis erected over the upper work area, with the or each further floorforming a respective subsequent upper work area of the structure, andwherein at least a portion of the facade is disposed to extend beyond atleast one of the subsequent work areas and forms at least part of asafety barrier for that subsequent work area.

In some forms at least one floor is formed after the facade isconstructed, the floor being formed such that the floor connects thefloor with the facade. In some forms the facade includes a connectionregion. In some forms upon forming the floor, the floor encases theconnection region.

In some forms in erecting the structure at least a portion of the facadeis constructed prior to the uppermost floor such that the facade extendsabove the height at which a next floor will be built to form a safetybarrier for the next floor.

In some forms the safety barrier is at least 1.5 m above the next floor.

Also disclosed is a facade panel configured to be disposed around atleast a portion of a perimeter of a multi-storey structure, whereinduring construction, at least a portion of the facade is disposed toextend beyond an upper work area of the structure and forms at leastpart of a safety barrier for that work area.

The method and the panel allow workers to safely work on the upper workarea without requiring independent fall barriers or scaffolding. Thefacade in some forms is designed such that during construction at leasta portion of a facade panel forming the facade extends above the workarea to prevent falling from the work area.

In some forms, disclosed is a method comprising locating a plurality offacade panels around at least a portion of the perimeter of a level ofthe multi-storey structure, the facade panels having two opposing faceswith an upper floor connection member extending from a first opposingface of the panel; orienting the facade panels such that the upper floorconnection members extend inwardly into the multi-storey structure;forming an upper floor at the height of the upper floor connectionmembers, such that the upper floor connection members engage the upperfloor to connect the upper floor with the plurality of facade panels.

The facade panels may in some forms be located around the perimeter of aground level or an upper level of a structure.

In some forms, the facade panels have a top edge and a bottom edge andin use the upper floor connection members are located intermediate thetop edge and the bottom edge.

In some forms, the upper floor connection members comprise a hook or baror other formed connection extending from the first opposing faces ofthe panels.

In some forms, the upper floor connection members are affixed with thefirst opposing faces of the panels. In some forms, the upper floorconnection members are welded to the first opposing faces of the panels.

In some forms the upper floor connection members are bolted to the firstopposing faces of the panels.

In some forms the method further comprises attaching a bottom edge of aplurality of second storey facade panels to a top edge of the pluralityof facade panels.

In some forms, the facade panels are located adjacent one another.

Also disclosed is a facade panel comprising two opposing faces, and insitu top and bottom edges; and a connection member extending from the afirst opposing face of the facade panel, the connection member beinglocated intermediate the top and bottom edges.

The connection member is configured to engage or connect with an upperfloor of the multi-storey structure such that the facade is built in tothe floor. This provides added strength to the facade and also allowsthe facade to provide fall prevention during building.

In some forms, the connection member is bolted to the first opposingface. This allows for a panel to be removed and replaced if it isdamaged. The panel can be unbolted from the floor and removed.

In some forms, there is further panel connection means located at theupper or lower edge of the facade panel. This may allow for the panel tobe attached with a panel above or below to allow for further storeys ofthe structure to be built.

In some forms the connection member comprises a hook or bar extendingfrom the first opposing face. In some forms the connection member isbolted or removably fixed to the first opposing face.

In some forms in which the structure is a multi-storey parkingstructure, the facade panel is composed of a material sufficientlystrong to withstand a vehicle colliding with the facade.

In some forms the facade panel further comprises a support sectionpositioned to extend inwardly into the structure in use. In some formsthe support section includes a wheel stop extending upwardly from thesupport section. In some forms the support section includes a crashbarrier extending upwardly from the support section.

In some forms the facade panels are composed of structural steel. Insome forms the facade panels include ventilation openings. In some formsthe facade panels are in the form of slatted, latticed or perforatedsteel. In some forms the facade panels are decorative.

In some forms the section of the facade panel above the connectionmember acts as a fall prevention barrier.

In some forms the facade panel comprises a structural frame and anexternal face engaged with the structural frame. In some forms theexternal face is waterproof. In some forms the facade panel furthercomprises an internal face engaged with the structural frame. In someforms insulation is located between the external and internal faces. Insome forms the facade panel includes a window or glass.

In some forms the facade panel may be a solid composite panel.

In some forms the facade panel is composed aluminium, glass, acombination of aluminium and glass, aluminium, a composite material,concrete, steel, steel and glass or any other construction material. Insome forms the facade panel may be load bearing. In some forms when thepanel is load bearing it is composed of concrete, structural steel orother load bearing material.

In some forms the panels are configured to act as a fall preventionsystem and the permanent facade of the structure.

In some forms, disclosed is a facade framework for constructing astructure having an outer facade, the framework comprising an innerframe, an outer frame spaced apart from the inner frame and connectedthereto, a facade panel of the outer facade being affixed with the innerframe.

In some forms the facade panel comprises a window or wall.

In some forms, disclosed is a modular building system for building amulti-story structure, the system comprising modular units having anouter face wall portion, and at least one of a second wall portion and afloor portion.

Referring now to FIG. 1, disclosed is a method of constructing amulti-storey building such an apartment building or high-rise structure,the structure having a facade. The multi-storey structure 10 comprises aplurality of facade panels 12 forming an outer facade 13 of themulti-storey structure. The floors 14 of the multi-storey structure arecontained within the facade 13. The facade panels 12 include a panelengagement section 15 which is configured to allow a facade panel 12 tobe engaged with a facade panel above or below within the outer facade13. The facade panels 12 further include a floor connection section 17which is adapted to connect or engage a floor 14 with the facade panel12.

The multi-storey structure 10 is constructed by locating a lowermostlevel 18 comprising a plurality of facade panels 12 about a lower floor19 of the structure 10. The lowermost facade panels may be located atground level or above ground level on a first floor of the structure orintermediate the ground and a first floor. The panels 12 extend upwardlyto a height at or above the lower floor or ground level of thestructure. An upper level 20 comprises a plurality of facade panels 12engaged with the lowermost facade panels. The upper level facade panels12 extend upwardly well above the height of a person. A floor connectionsection 17 is located on the interior face of the facade panels 12. Oncethe upper floor facade panels 12 are positioned, formwork and supportingstruts or similar for a floor are put in. The floor is then built,constructed or cast around the floor connection section 17 such that thefloor and the panel are engaged. A worker can then position the nextfloor facade panels 22. The process continues until the structure is therequired number of storeys.

As can be seen, throughout the process, the facade 13 is positionedbefore the upper floors are built and extends higher than the uppermostfloor. This allows the facade to act as a fall prevention screen andallows for an upper work area to be safely positioned on the uppermostfloor. Once the project is completed the facade remains as an outer wallof the structure.

The floor may be supported by the construction. In some forms the floormay be supported by the facade panels. In this form the panels are loadbearing and are composed of material that can be load bearing. Inalternative forms the floors may be supported by independent steel orconcrete columns.

The floor may be composed of any flooring material. In some forms thefloor is formed of precast concrete. In other forms the floor comprisesa steel form with concrete cast thereon. In some forms the floorcomprises reinforced concrete. In some forms the floor comprisesstructural steel and decking. In some forms the floor comprisesstructural timber, in some forms the floor is composed of a compositematerial.

Turning to FIGS. 2-4, the process is shown in closer detail. In FIG. 2the first, second and third floors have been built and a worker isstanding on each of the second and third floors. An upper work area mayexist on the uppermost floor, with the facade extending above theuppermost floor.

The facade panels 12 include an uppermost facade panel 12′ whichincludes a floor connection section 17. The floor connection section 17is in the form of a connection member 25 extending from a connectionplate 26. The connection member 25 may be welded or otherwise connectedto the connection plate 26. In alternative embodiments the connectionmember may extend directly from the facade. In some forms the connectionmember comprises re-bar.

As shown in FIGS. 2-4, a brace 28 is positioned to hold and level thefacade 12. A brace connector 30 is located on the facade panel toconnect the brace 28 with the facade panel 12.

Fixed glass, a window or opening 29 extends through the facade panel 12.In some forms the windows may be any ordinary window, opening, door,fixed glass or other material.

An additional facade panel 12″ is affixed above facade panel 12′. Thefloor connection section extends inwardly into the structure above thehead height of a worker. A formwork or other support 27 may be erectedto allow the workers to build an upper floor 14′ at the height of thefloor connection section.

In some forms the facade panel may be composed of glass, steel,aluminium, composite, concrete or any other building material orcombination of building materials.

Referring to FIGS. 5-6, the facade panels of the present disclosureinclude a floor connection section 17 that is located intermediate theupper end 31 and lower end 32 of the facade panels 12. In theillustrated form the connection section 17 comprises a connection member25 in the form of a re-bar projection or a plurality of re-barprojections. The connection member 25 extends from a connection plate 26and is welded thereto. Alternative connection means are available or insome not-illustrated forms the connection member 25 may be integral withor welded to the panel 12.

Fixed glass, other material or the window 29 or opening such as a dooror louvre panel is sufficiently well supported by the facade panel 12 toallow for safe construction.

Referring now to FIGS. 7-10, disclosed is a facade panel 40 for astructure. The facade panel may be used to form the perimeter facade ofa structure. Turning to FIG. 7, the facade panel in the illustrated formcomprises a structural frame 42. The structural frame comprises verticalsupports 43 and horizontal webs 44 and may be composed of wood, steel,aluminium or other alternative construction materials. A window 46extends through the facade panel. The facade panel further includes anexternal face 47. In some forms the external face 47 is composed of anexternal wall or cover that may be waterproof. A cavity 48 is locatedwithin the panel 40 and may contain insulation.

Turning to FIGS. 8-10, the facade panel 40 has an external face 47 andan internal face 49 in between which is a cavity 48 that may containinsulation. The external face may be waterproof and may be composed ofglass, non-combustible cladding, cement sheet or board, aluminium or anyother structural material for the external facade of a building. Theinternal face 49 may comprise plaster board or an alternative interiorfacade material. A window 46 may extend through the panel.

In some forms, the panels have a 2.5-3 m height with the floorconnection member being located approximately ⅔ of the way up the facadepanel such that the facade panel extends both above and below the floor,allowing for safety and meaning the connection between facade panels isat a different height than the connection between floor and facadepanel. In some forms, therefore, a handrail or fence of approximately 1m to any height is produced by the construction method without requiringadditional construction of a handrail. The handrail then forms a portionof the wall structure. In alternative embodiments the connection betweenfacade panels may be at the same height as the connection between floorand facade panels.

During construction, in some forms the panels 12 are lifted intoposition using a crane. A hook may be incorporated into the panel 12 toallow this connection. As seen in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, one or more cranehooks 35 may be positioned on the panel 12.

Referring now to FIG. 11, disclosed is a second embodiment of a facadepanel for use in of constructing a multi-storey building, the structurehaving a facade. The multi-storey structure 1 comprises a plurality offacade panels 112 forming an outer facade 13 of the multi-storeystructure. The floors 114 of the multi-storey structure are containedwithin the facade 113. The facade panels 112 include a panel engagementsection 115 which is configured to allow a facade panel 112 to beengaged with a facade panel above or below within the outer facade 113.The facade panels 112 further include a floor connection section 17which is adapted to connect or engage a floor 114 with the facade panel112. The facade panel includes a safety barrier 118 which comprises anupper section of the facade panel 112. The safety barrier 118 comprisesan upper portion of the panel above the floor connection section 117.

Similarly to the earlier embodiment, the multi-storey structure 110 isconstructed by locating a lowermost level 118 comprising a plurality offacade panels 112 about a lower floor 119 of the structure 110. Thelowermost facade panels may be located at ground level or above groundlevel on a first floor of the structure or intermediate the ground and afirst floor. The panels 112 extend upwardly to a height at or above thelower floor or ground level of the structure. A upper level 120comprises a plurality of facade panels 112 engaged with the lowermostfacade panels. The upper level facade panels 112 extend upwardly wellabove the height of a person. A floor connection section 117 is locatedon the interior face of the facade panels 112. Once the upper floorfacade panels 112 are positioned, formwork and supporting struts orsimilar for a floor are put in. The floor is then built, constructed orcast around the floor connection section 117 such that the floor and thepanel are engaged. A worker can then position the next floor facadepanels 122. The process continues until the structure is the requirednumber of storeys.

As can be seen, throughout the process the safety barrier section 118acts in place of a supplementary handrail and protects workers buildinga floor or otherwise accessing the upper portion of the facade. Inaddition, facade 113 is positioned before the upper floors are built.This allows the facade to act as a fall prevention screen. Once theproject is completed the facade remains as an outer wall of thestructure.

Turning to FIGS. 12 and 13, the process is shown in closer detail. InFIG. 12, two floors have been constructed and a worker is standing onthe lower floor. The facade panels 112 include a safety barrier section118 and a floor connection section 117. The safety barrier 118 is formedof the upper region of the facade panel. The floor connection section117 is in the form of a connection member 125. The connection member 125may be welded to the facade, bolted to the facade, or connected via aconnection plate that may be welded or bolted to the facade. Inalternative embodiments the connection member may extend directly fromthe facade without use of a connection plate. In some forms theconnection member comprises re-bar. In some forms the rebar of theconnection member is formed with the precast concrete and may compriseL-shaped rebar extending outwardly from the precast concrete. Inalternative embodiments the connection member may extend directly fromthe facade. In some forms the connection member comprises re-bar. Inalternative embodiments the safety barrier 118 may be engaged with thepanel.

In the illustrated form, formwork 124 and a prop 134 are included toallow for construction of the structure.

As shown in FIG. 13, a floor 114 has been formed about each of the lowerconnection sections 117 and is ready to be formed about the uppermostconnection section. A worker utilising the uppermost floor or standingon an upper work area is protected by the safety barrier 118 thatextends upwardly above the floor as it is being constructed.

As shown best in FIG. 14, the facade panels of the present disclosureinclude a floor connection section 117 that is located intermediate theupper end 131 and lower end 132 of the facade panels 112. That is, thefloor connection section divides the safety barrier 118 from the lowerfacade panel. In the illustrated form the connection section 117comprises a connection member 125 in the form of a re-bar projection ora plurality of re-bar projections. The connection member 125 extendsfrom the floor connection section 117. Further, a facade panelconnection system 136 comprising an upper connection member 137 and alower connection recess 138 may be provided. It is clear that the facadeconnection section 136 may be in any form. In some forms a slurry orepoxy may be utilised and inserted in a cavity for a protrusion to beinserted and adhered into.

As shown in FIG. 15, a window or opening 126 extends through the facadepanel 112. In some forms the windows may be any ordinary window, openingor door. In some forms the windows extend through a lower portion of thefacade panel 112 while the upper portion of the facade panel 112comprises the safety barrier 118. It will be clear that in some formssome or all panels do not include a window.

As shown in this illustration, the connection section 117 may comprise aledge 139 extending inwardly from the facade panel 112. In this form,the connection section 117 and panel 112 form a T shape. The ledge mayin use be utilised as a walkway during construction. The safety barrier118 is positioned to protect workers on this walkway or building thefloor about the floor connection member 117 or otherwise positioned nearthe upper areas of the facade panel. It will be clear that this ledge isnot essential to the process of building.

In some forms, the panels have a 2.5-3 m height with the floorconnection member being located approximately ⅔ of the way up the facadepanel such that the facade panel extends both above and below the floor,allowing for safety and meaning the connection between facade panels isat a different height than the connection between floor and facadepanel. In some forms, therefore, a handrail or fence of approximately 1m to 1.5 m or any other height is produced by the construction methodwithout requiring additional construction of a handrail. The handrailthen forms a portion of the wall structure.

During construction, in some forms the panels 112 are lifted intoposition using a crane. A hook may be incorporated into the panel 112 toallow this connection. As seen in FIG. 11, one or more crane hooks 135may be positioned on the panel 112.

Referring now to FIG. 16, disclosed is a further embodiment of a facadepanel for use in constructing a multi-storey building, the structurehaving a facade. As in the first embodiment, the multi-storey structure110 comprises a plurality of facade panels 112 forming an outer facade113 of the multi-storey structure. The floors 114 of the multi-storeystructure are contained within the facade 113. The facade panels 112include a panel engagement section 15 which is configured to allow afacade panel 112 to be engaged with a facade panel above or below withinthe outer facade 113. The facade panels 112 further include a floorconnection section 17 which is adapted to connect or engage a floor 114with the facade panel 112. The facade panel includes a safety barrier118 which comprises an upper section of the facade panel 112. The safetybarrier 118 comprises an upper portion of the panel above the floorconnection section 117.

Referring now to FIG. 16, an alternative embodiment of the method isshown, in this case in constructing a parking structure. In thisembodiment, disclosed is a method of constructing a multi-storeybuilding such as a vehicle parking structure, the structure having afacade. The multi-storey structure 210 comprises a plurality of facadepanels 212 forming an outer facade 213 of the multi-storey structure.The floors 214 of the multi-storey structure are contained within thefacade 213. The facade panels 212 include a panel engagement section 215which is configured to allow a facade panel 212 to be engaged with afacade panel above or below within the outer facade 213. The facadepanels 212 further include a floor connection section 217 which isadapted to connect or engage a floor 214 with the facade panel 212.

The multi-storey structure 210 is constructed by locating a plurality oflowermost facade panels 218 about a lower floor 219 of the structure210. The lowermost facade panels may be located at ground level or aboveground level on a first floor of the structure. The panels extendupwardly to a height above the lower floor or ground level of thestructure. A plurality of upper floor facade panels 220 are engaged withthe lowermost facade panels 218. The upper floor facade panels 220extend upwardly well above the height of a person. A floor connectionsection 217 is located on the interior face of the facade panels 220.Once the upper floor facade panels 220 are positioned, formwork andsupporting struts or similar for a cast concrete floor are put in. Theconcrete floor is then cast around the floor connection section 217 suchthat the floor and the panel are engaged. A worker can then position thenext floor facade panels 222. The process continues until the structureis the required number of storeys.

As can be seen, throughout the process the facade 213 is positionedbefore the upper floors are built. This allows the facade to act as afall prevention screen. Once the project is completed the facade remainsas a decorative outer screen. In some forms the facade 213 may besufficiently strong to act as a crash barrier and prevent vehiclesdriving off the structure.

Turning to FIGS. 17-19, the process is shown in closer detail. In FIG.17 the first and second floors have been built and a worker is standingon the second floor on an upper work. The facade panels 212 include anuppermost facade panel 212′ which includes a floor connection section217. The floor connection section 217 is in the form of a connectionmember 225 extending from a connection plate 226. The connection member225 may be welded or otherwise connected to the connection plate 226.

In FIG. 18, an additional facade panel 212″ is affixed above facadepanel 212′. The floor connection section extends inwardly into thestructure above the head height of a user. A formwork or other support227 may be erected to allow the workers to build an upper floor 214′ atthe height of the floor connection section.

Referring to FIGS. 20-23, the facade panels of the present disclosureinclude a floor connection section 217 that is located intermediate theupper end 231 and lower end 232 of the facade panels 212. In theillustrated form the connection section 217 comprises a connectionmember 225 in the form of a hook. The connection member 225 extends froma connection plate 226 and is welded thereto. In the illustrated formthe connection plate 26 is engaged with a facade plate 234 by means ofbolts 235. Alternative connection means are available or in somenot-illustrated forms the connection member 225 may be integral with orwelded to the panel 212.

Referring to FIG. 24, a connection 237 between a facade panel 212 and anadjacent upper or lower facade panel 212 is shown. The connection may bebolted 240 and may include a plurality of plates 241 as shown in thefigure or may be welded or otherwise connected. In alternativeembodiments alternative attachment means may be used.

Referring now to FIG. 25, disclosed is a method of constructing amulti-storey building such as a vehicle parking structure, the structurehaving a facade. The method is similar to the method described above inFIGS. 16-24.

The multi-storey structure 210 comprises a plurality of facade panels212 forming an outer facade 213 of the multi-storey structure. Thefloors 214 of the multi-storey structure are contained within the facade213. The facade panels 212 include a panel engagement section 215 whichis configured to allow a facade panel 212 to be engaged with a facadepanel above or below within the outer facade 213. The facade panels 212further include a floor connection section 217 and a floor connectionplate 226 extending from the floor connection section 217.

The multi-storey structure 210 is constructed similarly to the structuredescribed above. A floor connection section 217 is located on theinterior face of the facade panels 220. In this form the floorconnection section comprises a support section 231 incorporating a wheelstop 232.

As can be seen, throughout the process the facade 213 is positionedbefore the upper floors are built. This allows the facade to act as afall prevention screen. Once the project is completed the facade remainsas a decorative outer screen. In some forms the facade 213 may besufficiently strong to act as a crash barrier and prevent vehiclesdriving off the structure. The combination of built in wheel stop andcrash barrier equivalent greatly reduces the construction required.

Referring now to FIG. 26, disclosed is a method of constructing amulti-storey structure 310. The method comprises constructing uprights311 formed in steel or any other appropriate building and supportingmaterial. The uprights 311 are staggered about the structure 310.

A curtain wall or facade 314 may be lifted into position and locatedaround the perimeter of the structure or in any other position. Thecurtain wall 314 includes a floor connection section 317. In theillustrated form the floor connection section 317 is in the form ofrebar extending substantially transverse the uprights. The curtain wall314 may be composed of aluminium and glass or any other suitable wall orwindow material.

During construction, the floor connection sections 317 may be connectedto a floor composed of concrete or other alternative material such asdecking or composite.

Referring now to FIGS. 27 and 28, disclosed is a method of constructinga multi-storey building such an apartment building or high-risestructure, the structure having a facade and one or more balconies. Themulti-storey structure 410 comprises a plurality of facade panels 412forming an outer facade 413 of the multi-storey structure. The floors414 of the multi-storey structure are contained within the facade 413.The facade panels 412 include a floor connection section 417 which isadapted to connect or engage a floor 414 with the facade panel 412.

In this form, some of the panels further include balcony sections 419that extend outwardly from the structure. The balcony sections areengaged with either a portion of an outer facade to form part of thefacade or alternatively and as illustrated the balcony sections 419 areengaged with a cantilever floor section 421. The facade panel 412 isthen placed within the balcony section and the balcony walls 420 act asa fall barrier during construction. In this way a combination of facadepanels 412 and balcony walls 420 may act as fall prevention as well asbeing part of the permanent exterior of the structure.

The multi-storey structure 410 is constructed by locating a lowermostlevel 418 comprising a plurality of facade panels 412 about a lowerfloor of the structure. The lowermost facade panels may be located atground level or above ground level on a first floor of the structure orintermediate the ground and a first floor. The panels 412 extendupwardly to a height at or above the lower floor or ground level of thestructure. An uppermost level 425 comprises a plurality of facade panels412 engaged with the previously uppermost level. The uppermost facadepanels extend upwardly above the height of a person. Balcony sections419 are also positioned where required. A floor connection section 417is located on the interior face of the facade panels 412 and a floorconnection section 427 is positioned on the cantilever floor sections421. In some forms the floor connection section is in the form of rebarextending from the cantilever floor section 421. Once the upper floorfacade panels 412 are positioned, formwork and supporting struts orsimilar for

a floor are put in. The floor is then built, constructed or cast aroundthe floor connection section 417 such that the floor and the panel areengaged. Similarly the cantilever floor section 421 is incorporated intothe floor. A worker can then position the next level of facade panels412 and incorporate facade panels on balcony levels which do not havewalls. The process continues until the structure is the required numberof storeys.

Referring to FIGS. 29 and 30, disclosed is a facade framework 501 foruse in constructing a multi-storey structure, the structure having afacade. The facade framework 501 comprises a plurality of frame modules502, each module comprising an inner frame 503 and an outer frame 504.The inner frame 503 and the outer frame 504 are spaced apart from oneanother in a direction away from the structure. A plurality of webs 506connect the inner frame 503 and the outer frame 504.

In the illustrated form, the inner frame 503 comprises upper and lowerframe members 507 and side frame members 508. In some forms the sideframe members for one frame are integral with or correspond to the sideframe members of an adjacent frame. That is, the inner frames in amodule may share side members. The upper or lower frame members mayextend the length of more than a single inner frame. In other forms theinner frame members may share upper or lower frame members. The sideframe members may also extend for the length of multiple inner frames.

In use, the inner frame is positioned such that it forms a portion ofthe perimeter of a floor 550 of the structure. Webs 506 extend from theinner frame 503 outwardly toward the outer frame 504 and retain theouter frame 504 in position with respect to the inner frame 503.

The outer frame 504 also comprises upper and lower frame members 511 andside frame members 512.

As shown in FIG. 29, windows 513 or walls 514 may be secured to theinner frame 503. These windows 513 or walls 514 or other face membersmay be secured to the framework prior to positioning the framework onthe structure.

A deck 515 in the form of a temporary loading platform, a permanentloading platform or a permanent balcony may be secured to the facadeframework. In some forms the deck 515 extends from the inner frame 503to the outer frame 504 and is supported by both the inner frame and theouter frame. The deck may extend beyond the outer frame to providesufficient space. As shown in FIG. 29 a balcony door 517 may bepositioned in a wall 514 to allow access to the balcony once thestructure is completed.

Referring further to FIG. 30, a connector 520 which may be in the formof rebar, extends inwardly from the facade framework 501. The connectoris configured and positioned such that after positioning the facadeframework on the structure, a floor 550 may be poured. The connector 520may be incorporated into the floor and may act as reinforcement rebarfor the floor 550.

Temporary or permanent frame braces 522 may extend diagonally from anupper outer or inner frame member to a lower outer or inner framemember, These frame braces 522 may be removed later. Temporary orpermanent deck braces 523 may extend from the framework 501 to a flooror edge of the deck 515.

The facade framework 501 is intended to become the permanent facade ofthe structure. In building, the facade framework 501 is constructed. Thebuilder may ensure that a one or two-storey height of framework ispositioned above any floor that is poured. The framework may thereforebe utilised to prevent falls. The floor 550 may then be poured,connecting the floor to the facade framework 501 through the connector520. The inner frame 503 secures windows or walls or a combinationthereof while the outer frame 504 becomes the edge of the structure.Decks 515 may be supported by the inner and outer frames and extendbeyond the outer frame 504.

Referring now to FIGS. 31 and 32, disclosed is a facade framework 561for use in constructing a multi-storey structure, the structure having afacade. The facade framework 561 comprises a plurality of frame modules562, each module comprising an inner frame 563 and an outer arrangement564. The inner frame 563 and the outer arrangement 564 are spaced apartfrom one another in a direction away from the structure. A plurality ofwebs 566 connect the inner frame 563 and the outer arrangement 564.

In the illustrated form, the inner frame 563 comprises upper and lowerframe members 567 and side frame members 568. In some forms the sideframe members for one frame are integral with or correspond to the sideframe members of an adjacent frame. That is, the inner frames in amodule may share side members. The upper or lower frame members mayextend the length of more than a single inner frame. In other forms theinner frame members may share upper or lower frame members. The sideframe members may also extend for the length of multiple inner frames.

In use, the inner frame is positioned such that it forms a portion ofthe perimeter of a floor 580 of the structure. Webs 566 extend from theinner frame 563 outwardly toward the outer arrangement 564 and retainthe outer arrangement 564 in position with respect to the inner frame563.

The outer arrangement 564 comprises side members 572.

The inner frame 503 may support a removable barrier material. A meshbarrier material or any alternative barrier sheet may be positioned inthe inner frame. The barrier material may be removed from the innerframe and windows 573 or a glass facade may be secured to the innerframe 503.

The outer arrangement 564 is located outwardly of the windows or glassfacade.

The facade framework 561 may be provided in the form of frame modules562. As shown in FIG. 31, a module may comprise a plurality of adjacentinner frames and outer arrangement. The plurality of inner frames 563may be located adjacent to one another and adjoined or formed integrallyto form a module 562. In the illustrated form the module 562 comprisesthree adjoined inner frames but it will be clear that modules could beformed from any number of adjacent frames and may be formed such thatthe adjacent frames are side by side or above and below one another. Acrane may be utilised to position each module.

As further shown in FIG. 31, formwork 576 may be utilised while pouringthe floor 580. Connectors 578 may be utilised to connect the floor 580with the facade framework 561.

Turning now to FIGS. 33 and 34, disclosed is a facade framework 601 foruse in constructing a multi-storey structure, the structure having afacade. The facade framework 601 comprises a plurality of frame modules602, each module comprising an inner frame 603 and an outer frame 604. Aplurality of webs 606 connect the inner frame 503 and the outer frame504.

In the illustrated form, the inner frame 603 comprises upper and lowerframe members 607 and side frame members 608.

In use, the inner frame is positioned such that it forms a portion ofthe perimeter of a floor 650 of the structure. Webs 606 extend from theinner frame 603 outwardly toward the outer frame 604 and retain theouter frame 604 in position with respect to the inner frame 603.

The outer frame 604 also comprises upper and lower frame members 611 andside frame members 612.

Windows 613 or walls 614 may be secured to the inner frame 603. Thesemay be positioned and secured to the framework prior to adding theframework to the structure.

A deck 615 in the form of a temporary loading platform, a permanentloading platform or a permanent balcony may be secured to the facadeframework. In some forms the deck 615 extends from the inner frame 603to the outer frame 604 and is supported by both the inner frame and theouter frame. The deck may extend beyond the outer frame to providesufficient space. A balcony door 617 may be positioned in a wall 614 toallow access to the balcony once the structure is completed.

In this embodiment, the deck 615 does not extend significantly beyondthe outer frame 604 but is supported within the facade framework 601.

The facade framework 601 may be provided in the form of frame modules602. A module may comprise a plurality of adjacent inner frames andouter frames. Further a module may include a balcony or other deck.

Connectors 640 extending from the facade framework 601 may be in theform of rebar. When the floor 650 is poured the connectors 640 may beincorporated into the floor. A removable or permanent brace 618 may bepositioned between the inner and outer frames of the facade framework.

Referring to FIG. 35, in some forms a deck 655 in the form of atemporary loading platform or permanent loading platform or balcony maybe incorporated onto the framework 651 after the framework has beenpositioned. The deck 655 may include an inner support bar 656 which isconfigured and sized to locate within the framework 651 to engage theupper and lower frame members of the framework to interengage and holdthe deck in position with respect to the framework. The deck can bepositioned by angling the support bar 656 to locate it within theframework.

Referring to FIGS. 36 to 38, disclosed is a facade system forconstructing a multi-storey structure. The facade system comprises aplurality of facade panels 701. The facade panels are engaged with oneanother or with the structure using a plurality of braces 703 in theform of rebar. In the illustrated form braces 703 extend across thestructure from one facade to the opposing facade however it will beclear that the facade panels 701 may be retained in position utilisingbraces that extend at an angle or extend to a support located within thestructure.

The braces are located at the height of a floor of the structure suchthat when the floor is poured the braces form reinforcement for theconcrete. The braces 703 are therefore retained within the concretefloor. In some forms push pull props 704 are incorporated into theconstructions. These may be removed later.

FIG. 37 shows a plan for a layout of braces 703 within a structure. Asshown in this layout, braces 703 may extend across the full width of astructure, or may extend between corners of the structure or betweenother braces. In this form the braces comprise a variety of angles ofbraces 703, some extending diagonally with respect to the facade panelsand others extending transverse to or parallel with the facade panels701. The braces or rebar will then be incorporated into the concretefloor upon pouring.

Referring to FIGS. 39 and 40, disclosed is a modular building system forbuilding a multi-story structure. The building system comprises modularunits 750 which include an outer face wall portion 751, and at least oneof a second wall portion 752 and a floor portion 753. In the illustratedembodiment the modular unit 750 comprises an outer wall portion 751having a window 755 extending therethrough.

A second wall portion 752 extends transverse to the outer wall portionand forms either an outer side wall portion 756 or an internal wallportion 757 depending upon the position of the modular unit within thestructure.

A floor portion 753 may comprise reinforcing bar 759 configured to beincorporated into a poured floor. Alternatively, the floor portion maybe planar and filled prior to construction 758.

During constructions one or more units may be craned into position withrespect to the structure, building partial internal walls and floorswhile positioning the outer facade.

Referring to FIG. 41, disclosed is a further embodiment of a system forbuilding a multi-storey structure. The system comprises a plurality ofupright columns 801. The upright columns 801 are composed of steel orany other material. The upright columns are positioned such that theirheights are staggered providing additional strength to the structure.The joints 804 in the columns are unaligned so that the weakest point ofthe columns is staggered.

Facade panels 802 are moved into position to build the outer facade. Thefacade panels 802 include a connector 803 in the form od rebar or asimilar material which allows connection to a poured floor or to a floorof other material. The connector 803 is located at the level where afloor will be located and extends into the structure.

The facade panels may be in the form of aluminium or glass curtain wallor any other facade for a structure.

Referring to FIG. 42, disclosed is a further embodiment of a system forbuilding a multi-storey structure comprising facade panels 820. Thefacade panels 820 are staggered to provide additional strength to thestructure. This means the joints 821 between the panels 820 are notaligned. The system includes a plurality of shorter panels 822 and aplurality of standard sized panels 823 positioned alternately at thelower level to allow for staggering of the panels.

As can be seen, throughout the process, the facade 413 and in some formsthe balcony walls 420 are positioned before the upper floors are builtand extend higher than the uppermost floor. This allows the facade andthe balcony walls to act as a fall prevention screen and allows for anupper work area to be safely positioned on the uppermost floor. Once theproject is completed the facade remains as an outer wall of thestructure.

In some forms, the panels of the disclosure may comprise panel framesthat act as part of the building's permanent facade with infill materialmesh that may be replaced. For example, frames may include a removableinfill panel which can be replaced with glass or other material. Inother forms, the panels may comprise frames and wall material that willact as the permanent facade of the building along with an interiorprotective material that can be removed once construction is performed.For example, the panels could comprise a glass exterior and a board orpolymer interior removable material.

Variations and modifications may be made to the parts previouslydescribed without departing from the spirit or ambit of the disclosure.

In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of theinvention, except where the context requires otherwise due to expresslanguage or necessary implication, the word “comprise” or variationssuch as “comprises” or “comprising” is used in an inclusive sense, i.e.to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude thepresence or addition of further features in various embodiments of theinvention.

1. A method of erecting a multi-storey structure having a facadedisposed around at least a portion of a perimeter of the multi-storeystructure, wherein during construction, at least a portion of the facadeis disposed to extend beyond an upper work area of the structure andforms at least part of a safety barrier for that work area and whereinin erecting the multi-storey structure, at least one further floor ofthe structure is erected over the upper work area, with the or eachfurther floor forming a respective subsequent upper work area of thestructure, and wherein the facade is constructed prior to the forming ofthe one or more further floors so that a one or two-storey height offaçade is positioned above any floor that is formed to maintain a safetybarrier for the work areas.
 2. A method of erecting a multi-storeystructure according to a claim 1, wherein the or each further floor isformed such that the floor connects with the façade.
 3. A method oferecting a multi-storey structure according to claim 1, wherein thefaçade is constructed from a plurality of connected façade panels and/ormodules.
 4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the facade panelsand/or modules are connected side by side, and one on top of the other.5. A method of erecting a multi-storey structure according to claim 1,comprising constructing the facade as a façade framework having an innerframe.
 6. A method of erecting a multi-storey structure according toclaim 5, wherein the façade framework is formed from a plurality ofconnected facade modules, each module comprising an inner frame portionthat in use forms part of the inner frame of the framework. 7-17.(canceled)
 18. A method of erecting a multi-storey structure accordingto claim 6, wherein the facade framework has an outer frame, and whereinthe facade modules further comprise an outer frame portion that in useforms part of the outer frame of the framework.
 19. A method of erectinga multi-storey structure according to claim 5, comprising supporting oneor more loading platforms from the facade framework during construction,the one or more loading platforms projecting outwardly from the facadeframework.
 20. A method of erecting a multi-storey structure accordingto claim 5, comprising supporting one or more balconies on the facadeframework, the balconies being either within or projecting from thefacade framework.
 21. A method of erecting a multi-storey structureaccording to claim 3, the method comprising: locating a plurality offacade panels and/or modules around at least a portion of the perimeterof a level of the multi-storey structure, the facade panels and/ormodules having two opposing faces with a further floor connection memberextending from a first opposing face of the panels and/or modules;orienting the facade panels and/or modules such that the further floorconnection members extend inwardly into the multi-storey structure;forming a further floor at the height of the further floor connectionmembers, such that the further floor connection members engage thefurther floor to connect the further floor with the plurality of facadepanels and/or modules.
 22. A method of erecting a multi-storey structureaccording to claim 21, wherein the plurality of facade modules eachincluding an inner frame, the method further comprising; constructingthe facade by interconnecting the facade modules such that the innerfames of the modules form a facade framework; wherein the further floorconnection members are disposed on the inner frames such that the innerframe forms a portion of the perimeter of the further floor.
 23. Amethod of erecting a multi-storey structure according to claim 22,comprising: providing infill member supported by the facade framework,the infill members forming at least part of the safety barrier duringconstruction of the one or more floors.
 24. A method of erecting amulti-storey structure according to claim 1, comprising constructing thefacade with support portions which extend inwardly into the structure,and forming at least one further floor with the support portions formingan extension of that floor.
 25. A method of erecting a multi-storeystructure according to claim 24, wherein the support portions provides atrafficable area during forming of the at least one further floor.
 26. Amethod of erecting a multi-storey structure according to claim 1,comprising: constructing the facade with support members and infillmembers connected to and supported by the infill members; using barriermembers as at least part of the infill members, the barrier membersforming at least part of the safety barrier during construction of theone or more floors; and subsequently removing the barrier members fromthe facade.
 27. A facade framework for constructing a structure havingan outer facade, the framework comprising an inner frame, an outer framespaced apart from the inner frame and connected thereto, an infillmember being affixed with the inner frame.
 28. A facade framework asdefined in claim 27, wherein the infill member comprises a window orwall.
 29. A facade framework according to claim 27, wherein framework isformed from a plurality of connected facade modules, each modulecomprising an inner frame portion and an outer frame portion that in useforms part of the respective inner and outer frames of the framework.30. A facade framework according to claim 27, wherein at least some ofthe modules support one or more balconies, the balconies being eitherwithin or projecting from the facade framework.
 31. A multi-storeybuilding having a facade disposed around at least a portion of aperimeter of the multi-storey structure, the building, when underconstruction, having at least a portion of the facade extend beyond anupper work area of the structure and forms at least part of a safetybarrier for that work area, the facade being one or two-storey heightabove a subsequent floor to be formed over the upper work area tomaintain a safety barrier for the subsequent floor.